Memorials

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CROSSBONES GRAVEYARD

An urban garden of remembrance has been created on the site of Crossbones Graveyard, a burial place for paupers, prostitutes and the unwanted. It developed from a late medieval 'single women's churchyard' - a resting place for the 'Winchester Geese', prostitutes licensed by the Bishop of Winchester to work in London's pleasure quarter, outside the confines of the City of London. The graveyard was closed on health grounds in 1853. An estimated 15,000 people are buried there in unmarked graves.

Staffed by volunteers, limited opening.

The post code is for the Boot & Flogger wine bar opposite.

Region/Nation
Location/Address
Redcross Way
Borough
County
London
Post Code
SE1 1TA
Main Historic Period
Georgian
Link to featured article
Useful Website Address
Tip/Nearby
Borough Market
Primary Management
Other
CZECHOSLOVAKIAN SOE memorial

The Czechoslovakian SOE memorial at Arisaig commemorates the Czechoslovak troops in exile who trained in the area during WW2 as part of SOE (Special Operations Executive).  Czech Jan Kubiš and Slovak Jozef Gabčík went on to carry out Operation Anthropoid, the assassination of SS Obergruppenführer Reinhard Heydrich in Prague on 27th May 1942. They died, or committed suicide, in a subsequent shoot-out, when German troops surrounded a church they were hiding in.

Czechoslovakia has been two sovereign states, the Czech Republic and Slovakia, since 1993.

Region/Nation
Location/Address
Arisaig
Inverness-shire
County
Highland
Post Code
PH39 4NH
Main Historic Period
Modern
Link to featured article
Tip/Nearby
Silver Sands of Morar
Primary Management
Local Authority
D-DAY MEMORIAL, Southsea

Southsea’s D-Day Memorial is situated close to its Canoe Lake and South Parade Pier.  It resembles a tank trap, thousands of which were placed around Britain’s coast in the Second World War as part of its defence against invasion.  It was almost another world; the seafront was closed off from 1943 to all without a special pass and the beach was covered with barbed wire for the duration.  It is hard to imagine that thousands of troops boarded landing craft from South Parade Pier – additional, temporary, piers were built from scaffolding alongside to speed up the embarkation process – as well as from the Camber on Old Portsmouth, Portsmouth Harbour Station and what is now Portsmouth International Port. Portsmouth was the main departure point for units going to Sword Beach in Normandy.  Local people watched them march through the city, undoubtedly wondering how many would return safely.  27 men from Southsea were killed on D-Day and during the Normandy campaign.

The memorial looks its age.  It was unveiled by Field Marshal the Rt Hon Viscount Montgomery of Alamein on 6 June 1948.

Region/Nation
Location/Address
Junction of St. Helens Parade and Southsea Esplanade near South Parade Pier
Portsmouth
County
Hampshire
Post Code
PO4 9RG
Main Historic Period
Modern
Tip/Nearby
Canoe Lake, Model Village, D-Day Museum
Primary Management
Local Authority
DAMBUSTERS’ Memorial, Woodhall Spa

The Dambusters Memorial in Woodhall Spa commemorates members of 617 Squadron Royal Air Force who lost their lives in World War Two.

617 Squadron was formed at RAF Scampton in 1943, specifically for attacking dams in the Ruhr Valley using the ‘bouncing bomb’ designed by Barnes Wallis.  The Dams Raid, Operation Chastise, took place over the night of 16/17 May 1943 and was led by Wing Commander Guy Gibson (1918-44) flying modified Lancaster bombers. Two dams were breached, the Möhne and the Eder, at a cost of eight Lancasters, with fifty-three of the participating crew being killed and three becoming POWs.  The raid also killed an estimated 1600 German civilians and Russian POWs.

617 had a distinguished record after the Dams Raid, which included precision bombing based on targets being marked by low-level flying Mosquito aircraft.  From RAF Woodhall Spa, 617 Squadron began dropping the 12,000lb Tallboy and, later, 22,000lb Grand Slam bombs. The squadron also supported D-Day by the precision dropping of ‘window’ to spoof enemy radar. Between them, IX and 617 Squadrons, both employing Tallboys, sank the German pocket battleship Tirpitz.

The memorial at Woodhall Spa was erected in 1987 on the site of the former Royal Hydro Hotel and Winter Gardens which were destroyed in a Luftwaffe bombing raid in 1943. Shaped to depict a dam the memorial features a slate slab which represents water flooding through a breach, upon which the Squadron's crest and battle honours are engraved. It commemorates 204 aircrew of 617 Squadron who died in the Second World War.

A newer memorial to 617 Squadron in Royal Square commemorates members of the Squadron who have lost their lives in service since World War Two.

Après moi le déluge.

Region/Nation
Location/Address
Royal Gardens
Woodhall Spa
East Lindsey
County
Lincolnshire
Post Code
LN10 6QL
Main Historic Period
Modern
Tip/Nearby
Woodhall Spa is a pleasant little place, worth exploring, and has a cottage museum. The Battle of Britain Memorial Flight is not far away.
Primary Management
Local Authority
DEAL MEMORIAL BANDSTAND

Deal Memorial Bandstand commemorates 11 musicians murdered by the IRA (Irish Republican Army) on 22 September 1989.  The terrorists exploded a bomb at the Royal Marines School of Music in Deal, where, in addition to those that died, 11 more were seriously injured.

In memory of the killed and injured, a memorial bandstand was built near the beach at Deal.  It is seen as a living memorial.  The Deal Memorial Bandstand Trust stages a series of public concerts on the Bandstand between May and September each year.

Eleven sides of the twelve-sided bandstand have tablets bearing the engraved names of those who lost their lives:

Musician Michael Ball; Band Corporal Andy Cleatheroe; Band Corporal Trevor Davis; Musician Richard Fice; Musician Richard Jones; Band Corporal David McMillan; Musician Chris Nolan; Band Corporal Dean Pavey; Musician Mark Petch; Musician Tim Reeves; Musician Bob Simmonds.

The surviving barracks at Deal can be seen in the background of the photograph.  They were converted into flats in 1996, and the Royal Marines School of Music is now based in Portsmouth.

Region/Nation
Location/Address
The Strand
Deal
Walmer
County
Kent
Post Code
CT14 7DX
Main Historic Period
Modern
Tip/Nearby
Deal and Walmer Castles
Primary Management
Other
EDITH CAVELL MEMORIAL

Memorial to Nurse Edith Cavell designed by Sir George Frampton (who waived his fee) in 1915, unveiled by Queen Alexandra in 1920. Edith Cavell was born in Norwich in 1865. She was matron of a hospital in Brussels when the Germans invaded in 1914. Though the invaders offered her and other British nurses safe conduct to neutral Holland, she stayed on, eventually helping some 200 British, French and Belgian soldiers escape to Holland. She was arrested in August 1915 and shot by firing squad on 12th October. She said to her American chaplain, "I realise that patriotism is not enough. I must have no hatred or bitterness towards anyone." The British may well have exploited the propaganda value of Edith Cavell's murder, particularly in the at that time neutral USA.

The post code is for nearby St Martin-in-the-Field church. There is another memorial to Edith Cavell in Norwich.

Region/Nation
Location/Address
St Martin's Place
County
London
Post Code
WC2N 4JH
Main Historic Period
Modern
Tip/Nearby
North-east corner of Trafalgar Square. Next to the National Gallery and National Portrait Gallery, opposite St Martin-in-the-Field church.
Primary Management
Local Authority
ELEANOR CROSS, Waltham

One of three surviving original Eleanor Crosses of the 12 ordered by Edward I to commemorate his deceased wife, Eleanor. Eleanor died at Harby in 1290 and a cross was subsequently erected at every point where the cortege carrying her body rested on its journey to Westminster. The other three surviving crosses are at Geddington and Hardingstone in Northamptonshire; the final cross was at Charing, London. The Waltham Cross is in the centre of the town near the Pavilions Shopping Centre and has been heavily restored.

Photo Nigel Cox via Wikimedia.  Post code is approximate.

Region/Nation
Location/Address
Waltham Cross
County
Hertfordshire
Post Code
EN8 7AJ
Main Historic Period
Medieval
Link to featured article
Tip/Nearby
Waltham Abbey
Primary Management
Local Authority
ELISEG’S PILLAR

Eliseg's Pillar is the broken shaft of a 9th century inscribed stone that was probably originally topped with a cross. It gives the valley and nearby Valle Crucis Abbey their names. The stone was erected by Cyngen, prince of Powys, in memory of his great-grandfather, Eliseg. Illegible now, Eliseg's Pillar once documented the family tree of the kings of Powys back to the Roman Emperor Magnus Maximus (Macsen Wledig) and proclaimed Cyngen's right to rule. It stands on a Bronze Age mound, further emphasising the ancient roots of the king's power.

There is no convenient place to park to view Eliseg's Pillar. There is a hotel more or less opposite - it might be possible to borrow a space in their car park and walk back. Beware of the road, though, it is busy and there is no path.

Region/Nation
Location/Address
Abt 2+ miles N of Llangollen on the A542
County
Denbighshire
Post Code
LL20 8DD
Main Historic Period
Dark Ages
Link to featured article
Tip/Nearby
Near Valle Crucus Abbey. Post code is not 100% accurate.
Primary Management
Cadw
FLORA MacDONALD’S Memorial

The memorial to and burial place of Flora MacDonald (1722-90), Jacobite heroine, is in the lovely cemetery of Kilmuir, on the Isle of Skye. It is an interesting cemetery in other regards too - look for the memorials to Angus Martin and Charles MacArthur. The cemetery is very close to the Skye Museum of Island Life.

Region/Nation
Location/Address
Kilmuir Cemetery
By Portree
Isle of Skye
County
Highland
Post Code
IV51 9UE
Main Historic Period
Georgian
Link to featured article
Tip/Nearby
Skye Museum of Island Life
Primary Management
Local Authority
GEORGE SQUARE, Glasgow

George Square is the principal civic square in Glasgow and a focal point for events, official and unofficial (including demonstrations).  It is named after King George III, was laid out in 1781 and the headquarters of Glasgow City Council is a grand, Victorian, building, Glasgow City Chambers, at the east end of the square.  It features several important statues and monuments, including the City’s war memorial outside the City Chambers, an 80 foot (24 m) high column commemorating Sir Walter Scott in the centre of the square, as well as statues of a young Queen Victoria, Prince Albert, Robert Burns, James Watt, Thomas Graham, General Sir John Moore, Field Marshall Lord Clyde, William Gladstone and Robert Peel.

George Square has also featured in several films and TV productions, including Outlander and World War Z. Various parts of Glasgow have been transformed into US cities for filming purposes.

Region/Nation
Location/Address
Glasgow
County
Strathclyde
Post Code
G1 1GA
Main Historic Period
Victorian
Primary Management
Local Authority

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